A 17-character VIN follows the ISO 3779 standard, which divides the string into three sections.
- Positions 1-3 — World Manufacturer Identifier (WMI)
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Identifies the manufacturer. The first character also indicates the geographic region of origin: 1, 4, 5 = United States, 2 = Canada, 3 = Mexico, J = Japan, K = South Korea, W = Germany, Z = Italy.
- Positions 4-9 — Vehicle Descriptor Section (VDS)
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Manufacturer-specific encoding of the model, body style, engine and restraint system. Position 9 is the check digit on US- and China-spec VINs — a calculated value used to verify the VIN hasn’t been tampered with or mistyped.
- Position 10 — Model year
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A single character that cycles every 30 years: A=1980 or 2010, B=1981 or 2011, and so on. The newer interpretation applies if position 7 is alphabetic; the older if position 7 is numeric. The letters I, O, Q, U and Z are skipped.
- Position 11 — Plant code
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A manufacturer-assigned single character identifying the assembly plant. Each manufacturer maintains its own plant code table.
- Positions 12-17 — Production sequence number
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The unique production serial number for that vehicle within its model year. Sequential within plant.